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Asset: Commodities

The Menthor Q-Score

In today’s fast-paced financial markets, traders and investors seek objective, data-driven insights to enhance their decision-making. The Q-Score, derived from our proprietary Quant Models, offers a comprehensive scoring system that evaluates assets based on four key factors: Momentum, Seasonality, Volatility, and Options. 

By assigning a numerical score to each factor, the Q-Score provides a structured approach to market analysis. You can find the Q-Score on the Dashboard.

Q Score
The Menthor Q-Score 6

Take a look at this Tutorial Video on the MenthorQ Score.

Breaking Down the Q-Score Components

Momentum Score

The Q-Score Momentum Model reflects the underlying trend strength of an asset. Our proprietary quant models analyze price action and technical indicators to determine whether an asset exhibits bullish or bearish momentum.

A higher momentum score suggests strong positive price action, while a lower score indicates weakness or potential downside pressure. Traders can use this score to align their positions with prevailing market trends. Our model assigns a score ranging from 0 to 5:

  • 0: Bearish Momentum
  • 3: Neutral Momentum
  • 5: Bullish Momentum
Q Score Momentum
The Menthor Q-Score 7

Seasonality Score

The Q-Score Seasonality Model assesses the historical performance of an asset over a specific time frame. Using 20 years of historical data, our model examines the price behavior of an asset over the next five days and assigns a score ranging from -5 to 5:

  • -5: Low Seasonality. Indicates a Bearish seasonality
  • 0: No Seasonality. No significant seasonal trend 
  • 5: High Seasonality. Indicates a Bullish seasonality

By leveraging the seasonality score, traders can anticipate potential price movements based on past performance and create advanced strategies. Our Seasonality score looks at the trend for the next 5 days.

Q Score Seasonality
The Menthor Q-Score 8

Volatility Score

The Q-Score Volatility Model measures the magnitude of price fluctuations of an asset. Our model assesses realized volatility to determine the likelihood of price swings. The volatility score ranges from 0 to 5:

  • 0: Low Volatility Environment, suggesting minimal price movement.
  • 5: High Volatility Environment, indicating large price fluctuations.

Traders can combine the Volatility Score with IV Rank (Implied Volatility Rank) and Implied Volatility to identify potential volatility arbitrage opportunities. When volatility is low, option premiums tend to be lower, making certain strategies like long straddles less favorable, while high volatility may present opportunities for selling premium.

Q Score Volatility
The Menthor Q-Score 9

Option Score

The Q-Score Options Model ranks an asset based on activity in the options market, providing insight into trader sentiment and expected price direction. The score ranges from 0 (bearish) to 5 (bullish):

  • 0: Strong Bearish Sentiment from the options market.
  • 5: Strong Bullish Sentiment from the options market.

By combining the Options Score with the Momentum Score, traders can gain additional confirmation for potential moves. This forward-looking model integrates key options market indicators to forecast price direction and sentiment shifts.

Q Score Option
The Menthor Q-Score 10

How Traders Can Use the Q-Score

The Q-Score provides a structured, quantitative perspective on market conditions. Here are some key ways traders can utilize it:

  1. Trend Confirmation: Use the Momentum Score alongside the Options Score to validate bullish or bearish trends.
  2. Seasonal Patterns: Leverage the Seasonality Score to identify historically strong or weak periods for an asset.
  3. Volatility-Based Strategies: Adjust trading strategies based on the Volatility and Option Scores—favoring trend-following trades in low-volatility environments and mean-reversion trades in high-volatility conditions. These two indicators, together with IV Rank can also be great tools for options buyers or sellers
  4. Options Market: Incorporate the Options Score to gauge sentiment and potential shifts in market positioning.

The Q-Score serves as a dynamic tool for traders, helping them adapt to evolving market conditions. By integrating multiple quantitative factors, it offers a holistic view of asset performance. Traders can refine their entries and exits by aligning strategies with momentum, seasonality, volatility, and options activity, enhancing their decision-making precision.

How to build a Quant Strategy using the Menthor Q-Score

The Menthor Q-Score can also be used to create Quant Trading Strategies. Learn how to use our Q-Score to create Quant Trading Strategies using Momentum, Volatility, Seasonality and Options Models.

Check out our Strategies. Access the Documentation with full backtest:

Futures Price Curve

The futures market can offer critical insights for traders, especially when assessing price movement over time. One such key concept for traders to understand is the price curve, specifically how it behaves in commodities like Crude Oil (CL). The future price curve of commodities, like Crude Oil, provides a vital indicator of market expectations, volatility, and the impact of different expiry dates. These price curves can significantly help inform decisions in both short-term and long-term trading strategies.

What Is the Future Price Curve?

A futures price curve, also known as a term structure, plots the prices of futures contracts for a commodity across various expiration dates. Traders use this curve to analyze whether the market is in contango or backwardation, helping to inform decisions regarding holding or entering positions.

  • Contango: This occurs when the futures prices are higher than the spot price, signaling that the market expects the price of the commodity to increase over time.
  • Backwardation: This is when futures prices are lower than the spot price, indicating that traders expect the price of the commodity to decrease.

The future price curve is valuable because it shows how market participants expect prices to behave as contracts near expiration. It reflects the relationship between spot prices and futures prices over different timelines and can indicate the level of confidence or uncertainty in the market.

Understanding the Futures Price Curve

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Let’s use this chart as an example, we see the future price curve for Crude Oil (CL) dated January 31, 2025. Several key features are evident:

  • Price Movement Over Time: The curve shows a decline in price as the expiration date moves further out, as evidenced by the color-coded lines.
  • Green Line (Today’s Price Curve): Represents the price trajectory as it stands at the current moment, offering insight into how the market perceives the future prices of Crude Oil.
  • Yellow Line (Yesterday’s Price Curve): This shows the market’s previous outlook and can be compared with the green line to understand how expectations have shifted over time.
  • Red Line (5 Days Ago): This line displays how the market viewed the future prices five days ago, offering historical context for current trends.
  • Blue Line (1 Month Ago): This offers a broader historical perspective on how expectations have evolved over the past month.

What’s crucial here is that each line represents the price curve at different points in time. By comparing them, a trader can analyze changes in market sentiment, price and volatility. For instance, if the price is consistently moving downward on the curve as expiration dates extend, it might indicate expectations of lower future prices in Crude Oil. In this particular case, the CL price is in backwardation.

How Traders Can Use the Future Price Curve

Traders can use the future price curve to gain insights into the market sentiment for Crude Oil and other commodities. The main strategy for leveraging the price curve is to:

1. Identify Trends: By looking at the change in future prices (across different time periods) and their relationship with the spot price, traders can identify whether the market is in contango or backwardation.

  • Contango: If the curve shows a steady increase in price as the contract dates extend, it may be an indicator of an expected increase in Crude Oil prices. Traders may choose to hold long positions in the commodity or explore options strategies that benefit from rising prices. 
  • Backwardation: If the futures price is lower than the spot price and the curve shows a downward slope, this signals expectations of a decrease in Crude Oil prices. Traders may choose to take short positions or adjust their risk exposure accordingly. Or this is a situation where the market has a positive roll, so strategies that roll each month benefit.

2. Manage Risk with Expiry Dates: The futures price curve also helps traders gauge the level of risk associated with positions. For instance, holding a long position in Crude Oil with an expiration in six months can expose a trader to more risk if the market is in contango. However, shorter-dated contracts might limit some of that risk, depending on the specific circumstances.

3. Timing Entry and Exit: The future price curve’s movement can also help determine the best times to enter or exit the market. If the market is in contango and futures prices are rising steadily, it may be more favorable to enter long positions in Crude Oil at an early stage. Alternatively, in a backwardated market, it may be wise to take profits as prices reach the peak of their downward trajectory.

Case Study: Crude Oil Futures (CL)

Consider the Crude Oil market as an example. A trader might look at the current future price curve to determine whether it is in contango or backwardation.

  • Scenario 1: Market in Contango: If the trader notices that the future price curve for Crude Oil is showing a steady increase in price over the next few months (as shown by the green, yellow, and red lines trending upwards), this could signal that the market expects rising prices. The trader could then opt to take a long position on Crude Oil Futures. 
  • Scenario 2: Market in Backwardation: If, instead, the trader notices a downward slope with lower future prices compared to the spot price (indicated by a negative slope in the price curve), the market may expect Crude Oil prices to fall. The trader could then consider shorting Crude Oil futures to benefit from the expected decline in prices.

Case Study: Calendar Spreads with Options.

A calendar spread is an options strategy that involves buying and selling options of the same underlying asset at the same strike price but with different expiration dates. This strategy is typically used to capitalize on time decay and volatility changes. Traders can use calendar spreads to take advantage of market trends like contango and backwardation, depending on the price curve’s shape and the market’s expectations.

Calendar Spreads in Contango

When the market is in contango, futures prices are expected to rise over time, as seen in the upward-sloping forward price curve. This environment can be ideal for calendar spreads, particularly when a trader expects volatility and price increases in the future. In this scenario:

  • Sell short-term options: You can sell short-term options (closer expiration dates), as these options lose value quickly due to time decay.
  • Buy longer-term options: Simultaneously, you buy longer-term options (further expiration dates), which should benefit from the rising price of the underlying asset over time.

The trader can profit as the value of the short-term options decays, while the longer-term options may increase in value, reflecting the market’s expectation of higher prices in the future.

Calendar Spreads in Backwardation

In a backwardation market, future prices are lower than the spot price, suggesting that prices are expected to decline. This could occur when the market anticipates a price drop, perhaps due to a supply glut or a sharp decrease in demand. In this situation:

  • Sell longer-term options: Traders sell longer-term options, which have more time value, expecting them to lose value faster as the market expects prices to decrease.
  • Buy short-term options: You buy short-term options that are positioned closer to the current market price, benefiting from any near-term price spike or volatility before the market eases.

In a backwardation market, the trader could benefit from a near-term price spike, while the longer-term options lose value due to the overall expectation of declining prices.

Conclusion

The future price curve is an essential tool for traders looking to analyze the market sentiment and make informed decisions based on price trends. By evaluating the slope and shape of the curve, traders can determine whether the market is in Contango or Backwardation, giving them a deeper understanding of price movements and helping them time their positions better.

For futures traders or option traders that look at futures, this tool is especially powerful as it allows traders to align their strategies with the expectations embedded in the market’s pricing. By combining the future price curve with other technical indicators and trading strategies, traders can effectively manage their portfolios and maximize their trading potential.

Morning Preparation with MenthorQ

In this guide we will show how to use the MenthorQ Data for your morning preparation. It takes only a few minutes.

1. Liquidity Snapshot

You can access the Liquidity Snapshot by typing the /liq_snapshot command on the Query Bot. Within this screen we particularly monitor the following data points:

  • Negative Gamma indicates potential for sharp price swings.
    • Negative GEX: Dealers hedge into trend, regardless of direction = Removes liquidity
    • Positive GEX: Dealers hedge against trend, regardless of direction = Adds liquidity
  • Bullish Momentum signals upward price movement.
  • IV30 vs HV30: Implied volatility is lower than historical volatility, which suggests the market may be calming down after a period of higher actual volatility. This combination can influence both directional and volatility-based trading strategies.
  • The Put/Call Open Interest Ratio compares the number of open put options to call options. A ratio of 2.56 suggests that there are more put options being traded compared to calls, which might indicate a bearish outlook from option traders, despite the bullish momentum.
Liquidity Snapshot Morning Preparation
Morning Preparation with MenthorQ 19

2. Option Matrix

Next we will look at the Option Matrix. The Matrix simplifies the read of the Option Chain for any assets within our coverage. You can access the Matrix using the command /matrix in the Query Bot.

NVDA Matrix
Morning Preparation with MenthorQ 20
  • When GEX is positive, expect a more stable market with limited price swings. It’s often a signal that mean reversion trades (buying dips, selling rallies) could be effective.
  • When GEX is negative, expect more volatile markets with larger price swings. In this case, you might look for momentum trades, riding trends rather than fading them.
  • When DEX is positive, expect potential upward pressure on the market. If you’re seeing strong support levels and rising prices, it could be a sign to enter long positions, especially if you’re riding the momentum.
  • When DEX is negative, expect downward pressure. In this case, you might want to be cautious with long positions or look for opportunities to short if the market shows signs of weakening.
  • High Positive GEX + Positive DEX: Indicates a potentially bullish environment with stable upward pressure. You can look for long setups, especially if the market shows resilience on pullbacks.
  • Negative GEX + Negative DEX: Indicates a potentially bearish and volatile market. Here, you might look for short setups or be cautious about long trades.
  • Mixed GEX and DEX (e.g., positive GEX with negative DEX): This could indicate a choppy market, where the price might be stuck in a range or show unexpected volatility. In this scenario, shorter-term trades with tighter stops might be necessary.
  • Expiry Exp. Move. This column leverages our Option Implied Move Model to forecast how many points up or below the price can move by the expiration date.

3. Net Gamma Exposure (Net GEX)

Next we will look at the Net Gamma Exposure Chart or Net GEX. You can access the chart by using the /netgex command.

Net GEX Spy
Morning Preparation with MenthorQ 21

This is how we can use this chart:

  • Predicting Volatility: The chart helps traders identify where market makers’ hedging activity may stabilize or destabilize the market. For example, heavy negative GEX at lower strike prices indicates higher volatility if the price starts to drop.
  • Support and Resistance: The GEX distribution gives clues to important support and resistance levels (e.g., $540 put support and $570 call resistance). Traders can use this information to make decisions about where to enter or exit positions.
  • Volatility Zones (HVL): The High Vol Level ($550) marks a zone where price swings could become more unpredictable, which is critical for risk management.

To learn more about Market Reaction Zones check out our Free Course on Gamma Levels.

4. Net GEX Multi-Expiration Chart

On top of the Net GEX Chart we can also analyze Net Gamma Exposure across multiple Expirations. This is very important as we can monitor 0DTE Options Flows and Reaction Zones. You can access this chart by using the /netgex_multiexpiry command on the Query Bot.

Net GEX Multi Expiry SPY
Morning Preparation with MenthorQ 22

This is how we can use this chart:

  • Anticipating Price Reactions: By studying GEX across different expirations, traders can anticipate how the asset might react at certain strike prices during different trading sessions. This is especially useful near major expiration dates or Mopex (monthly expiration).
  • Volatility Management: Knowing where negative GEX clusters are across multiple expirations helps traders avoid-or take advantage of-potential spikes in volatility.
  • Enhanced Strategy Development: This multi-expiration GEX data enables traders to layer their trades around multiple key levels and expiration dates, improving the precision of their strategies.

5. Swing Trading Model

Then we want to look at our Swing Trading Model. We have two time horizons: 5 days and 20 days. You can access it by using the commands: /swing_5d and /swing_20d. You can also add the Swing Levels to TradingView.

To learn more on how to use the Swing Models we have created a Swing Trading Guide and a Swing Trading Course.

Swing Trading Model SPY
Morning Preparation with MenthorQ 23

This is how we can use the model:

  • Predicts Key Levels for Entries and Exits: The upper band, lower band, and risk trigger provide clear price targets that day traders can use to set entry, exit, and stop levels.
  • Upper Band: The upper band gives day traders a target for price resistance. If SPY nears this level, it may encounter selling pressure, and traders might look to take profits or initiate short positions.
  • Lower Band: (Not visible on this portion of the chart but typically shows as a lower boundary) The lower band is the opposite of the upper band and acts as a support level. Traders could use it as a potential buy signal or target for covering short positions, expecting a bounce.
  • Risk Trigger: This level indicates a key price point where the model expects an important reaction, either as a support or potential breakdown level. Day traders can use this as a decision point, either to tighten stops or prepare for larger moves.

6. Gamma Levels on VIX

After looking at our asset we want to confirm our analysis by looking at the VIX Index. In particular we can look at the VIX Matrix.

Option Matrix VIX
Morning Preparation with MenthorQ 24
  • Understanding GEX and DEX for VIX options helps traders predict upcoming volatility spikes or calming periods. For example, if GEX is negative and DEX is high, traders can expect heightened volatility, which can influence decisions in both options and futures markets.
  • The VIX is a direct reflection of market fear and uncertainty. By observing the call resistance and put support levels, traders can get a sense of how much fear (or calm) the market is pricing in at different VIX levels.
  • Large GEX and DEX values suggest that institutional players are making significant hedging moves, which can influence both VIX options and the broader market. Traders can use this information to manage their positions effectively, particularly during major market-moving events.
  • The chart gives a granular view of volatility expectations across multiple expirations, helping traders position for both short-term swings and long-term trends in market volatility.

7. CTAs and Systematic Models

The last step is to look at the MenthorQ CTAs Funds Model. Systematic Funds and CTAs are key drivers of liquidity and monitoring their flows is key for any investors. With this model we simplify how you can analyze their liquidity and positioning.

main cta matrix 10 1
Morning Preparation with MenthorQ 25

This is how we can read the chart:

  • CTA Position Today, Yesterday, and 1 Month Ago: These columns show how much CTAs are currently positioned in each index, today, how much they were positioned yesterday, and one month ago. This helps traders and analysts track the evolution of CTA positions over time. For example, in the E-Mini S&P 500 Index, there was a slight decrease in the position from yesterday to today, but the position has increased significantly from one month ago. This shows that CAs have been building a long position, potentially influencing upward market moves.
  • Percentile (1M, 3М, 1Y): These columns indicate how current CTA positions compare to historical positions over 1 month, 3 months, and 1 year. Percentiles show how extreme the current positions are compared to historical data. For example, the E-Mini S&P 500 Index has a 1M percentile of 0.29, meaning the current position is in the 29th percentile over the last month, which suggests it is a relatively moderate position. Higher percentiles indicate more extreme positioning, which can precede large price moves if CTAs start reversing positions.
  • 3M Z Score: The Z score tells us how far the current position is from the mean position over the last three months. A high or low Z score can indicate overbought or oversold conditions. For instance, the E-Mini S&P 500 Index has a Z score of -1.30,
    indicating that the current CTA position is significantly lower than the 3-month average, suggesting that the index might be oversold and could see buying pressure if CTAs reverse positions.

We have also created a dedicated Course on how to use the CTAs Models.

Options Screeners

Stocks Screeners allow investors to filter and search for specific stocks or securities that meet predefined criteria. These criteria can be based on various factors, including fundamental, technical, and other quantitative parameters. Stock screeners allow investors to filter and sort through a vast universe of stocks quickly and never miss an opportunity.

With the Menthor Q Screeners you can now receive a daily list of stocks matching quantitative parameters. By leveraging our quantitative models you can now find the most relevant assets and enhance your research.

Why use Menthor Q Screeners?

Together with Gamma Levels, the Options and Momentum Screeners are a powerful tool to:

✅ Screen for Stocks leveraging quantitative factors coming from the options market

✅ Screen based on primary Key Levels and market positioning

✅ Identify stocks that are experiencing market momentum

✅ Combine the power of Technical Analysis and Option Data to enhance your trading